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  • 2014 Oct finds page

     

    1544 Netherlands - Holland solar crown - Gold Dutch solar crown of Charles V, Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, Count of Holland (1506-1555), etc., 0929 Au, 3.41 g, ø 26 mm, value 42 pence, R1, mint mark Canopy (Dordrecht)

    42 stuivers

    Obv *CARO:D:G:RO.IMP.HISP.REX.DVX.BVR.BR

    Rev 1554*DA:MIHI:VIRTVTE:COTRA:HOS TES:TVOS:

    Guelders cross

    3.41g,25.5mm

     

     

     

    Chunky Victorian 18 carat Gold horse shoe brooch - no hall mark so probably continental

    4.95g, 20mm dia

    17thC clothing fastener 15thC lead token

    1399-1413 Henry V hammered silver half penny - trefoil and annulet by hair - Type 11

    Obv + hENRICxREX :ANGL'

    Rev CIVI/TAS/LOND/DON

    2ndC Roman silver coin - needs cooking to ID

    1279 Edward 1st hammered silver penny

    Obv EDWR'ANGL DNS hYB

    Rev CIVI/TAS/LOND/DON

    18thC French Louis XV milled silver - 1/2 ECU (44 Sols)
    1656 Samuel Salter of Dedham Copper trade farthing 1901 Victoria milled silver sixpence
    French Infantry Button
    26th Line Regiment
    Circa 1803-1814
    WWII military button

    1247 Henry III hammered silver fathing

    London mint

    1592- 5 Elizabeth hammered silver penny - Tun mint mark Venetian Soldino hammered silver Michele Steno (1400-1413)

    1327 Edward III hammered silver penny - quadrefoil with pellet at centre of reverse cross

    Obv EDWARDVS ****

    Rev CIVI/TAS/EBO/RACI - York mint

    Medieval hammered silver long cross penny

    Quadrefoil with pellet at centre of reverse cross -York mint

    17thC James Robjent grocers of Maldon Essex hammered copper trade farhting 16thTudor gilded silver mount - reported to musuem as potential treasure
    Alexander II 1214-49 Scottish hammerd silver qtr penny 1582 - 3Elizabeth hammered silver half groat - Bell mint mark
    1838 Victoria milled silver sixpence Pre 1216 Taco'd short cross hammered silver penny
    1590- 2 Elizabeth hammered silver penny - Hand mint mark Medieval hammered silver groat fragment
    1562 AD Hans Krauwinckel I Master German Lion of St Mark Jetton Medieval hooked mount
    WWI lead toy soldier 18thC toy cannon

    1341 Edward III hammered silver penny - Florin

    Obv EDWAR ANGLE DNS hYB

    Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON - London mint

    Outer ring of a 16th/17thC combination lock - needs more research
    1634 Charles 1st hammered coppe rose farthing 1817 George III milled silver sixpence
    1604 James 1st Scottish Merk sometimes known as the half thistle dollar and value of 13 shillings and 4 pence
    Victorian "Cumberland Jack" Token 1837
    These are a common find in boxes of household junk, old drawers, and accumulations and collections of coins. They are made of brass, probably as a satyrical gaming token. When Queen Victoria acceded to the British throne, she could not assume the Hanoverian throne, as this was restricted to male succession only. Her relative the Duke of Cumberland therefore succeeded in her place. Apparently he was quite unpopular, and this jeton was issued as a humorous comment on his departure from the British Isles.
    Obverse
    Crude young head portrait of Queen Victoria, facing left, with her hair in her familiar "bun". This portrait is very similar to that which appears on the young head sovereigns of Victoria, with the legend (inscription).
    VICTORIA REGINA

    Reverse
    A man, supposed to represent the Duke of Cumberland, in crude imitation of a gold sovereign, with the legends:-
    TO HANOVER 1837

    Medieval beehive thimble 16thC fish scale crotal bell

    1341 Edward III hammered silver penny - Cross 1

    Obv EDWR ANGL DNS hYB

    Rev CIVI/TAS/CAN/TOR -Canterbury mint

    1526-44 Henry VIII hammered silver sovereign penny - (Duram) TW by shield Bishop Thomas Wolsey

     

     

    Cleaning up Roman silver coin - sent for ID Col John

    What you have here is a silver Siliqua of Gratian, (367-383) the young son of Valentinian I, elevated to Augustus at the age of 7.  This piece is from the mint at Trier, the exergual mint mark is TRPS•  References are  RIC IX, 27f-1; and RSC 86a. This type with Roma holding Victory and a scepter rather than the inverted spear Roma generally holds in her left hand on VRBS ROMA Siliquae dates to the period 367-375.  
    The type with a dot following the mintmark is considered somewhat more common than the same type with a mintmark lacking the terminal dot.  RIC scales the frequency as "common", and RSC quotes a fairly low estimated "market value" (£ 50 in VF - although this first edition was released in 1987 so it's natural that by now the listed "prices" are more useful to indicate a general scale of scarcity vis-a-vis demand than as an actual guide to prices one would expect to see or pay).

    However, considering Roman coins in general, Siliquae are far scarcer than, say, Denarii.  I've heard it said that you'll see at least 100 Denarii for every Siliqua you'll ever see - and although I haven't strictly "kept score" or otherwise checked empirical statistics, I'd say that's probably about right. 

    It's a very nice piece which I expect will be quite nice looking after some minor, light cleaning - I wouldn't try to take all of the darker tone off the fields as it will be slightly more valuable with the more "naturally toned" looking appearance that it's probably possible to achieve by gentle cleaning of this very light darkening.

    Mark

    Rare find 1660-85 Charles II hammered silver half groat

    1291-4 Edward 1st hammered silver penny - Class 6

    Obv EDWR' ANGL DNS hYB'

    Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON - London mint

    1929 George V milled silver shilling 1634 Charles 1st hammered copper rose farthing

    Cooking 2ndC Roman silver coin sent for quick ID

    My first reaction was to say Trajan from the shape of the head, but then looking at the face more closely, I begin to wonder if it's not one of the Flavians - Vespasian or Titus particularly, or a younger portrait of Domitian. I believe that what we can see of the obverse legend from 2:00-4:00 reads ...[P] M TR P - so that is not particluarly specific to any one ruler.  The Tribunician power was almost a guaranteed office of the emperor.  I could check to see which emperors used legends which ended in ...P M TR P which will generally also have the rest of the laundry-list of Imperial titles continuing on the reverse.

    I can't quite make out what the figure is doing on the reverse and what, if any, attributes may be associated.  It might be either the Roman numeral II or part of a III or IIII we can see from 3:00-4:00 on the reverse and that would be likely to be the consular number - it was more normal for an emperor to have been consul a few times - very seldom did they hold this office more than 4 or 5 times - so that doesn't do much to narrow-down the field.

    Let me check the legend lists and see if I can narrow down the possibilities any by seeing who among them used an obverse legend ending in P M TRP.

    Mark

    17thC lead token 1500-1700 mount Rifle regiment cap badge
    London South Western Railway button Victorian mount Georgian horse harness bell
    850 Bronze Age socketed axe head
    Decorated gold stud reported to museum as potential treasure
    Huge C10thC gilded Saxon plate
    Huge 2ndC Roman fibular brooch 1582 Elizabeth 1st hammered silver half groat
    16thC Tudor gilde silver ring fragment - reported to museum as treasure
    15thC lead token - type 2 Medieval mount 1634 Charles 1st hammered coppe rose farthing

    1279 Edward 1st hammered silver penny

    Obv EDWAR ANGL DNS hYB

    Rev CIVI/TAS/DVR/EME - Durham mint

    Roman mount

    Spanish diner of Ferdinand II (1479-1516)
    Valencia mint

    Obv Crowned King bust facing left

    Rev Feathers or plumes

    ID'd by Ohio Drew

    3 - 1634 Charles 1st hammered copper rose farthings Post medeival lead bale seal
    1500-1700 mount Loyal North Lancashire button

    First rose each side with legend and no inner circles I have seen dug

    1625 Charles 1st hammered silver penny

    1279 Edward 1st hammered silver penny

    Obv EDWAR ANGL DNS hYB

    Rev CIVI/TAS/DVR/EME - Durham mint

    Cast copper alloy buckle frame 1500 -1700

    Medieval badges Ref Mitchiner p244 939 - 941

     

    'A badge for a Knight of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre in bronze and dating somewhere around C13/14th possibly very slightly later . This is a very scarce item and it relates to The Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem being a Catholic chivalric order of Knighthood that traces its roots to Godfrey of Bouillon, principal leader of the First Crusade. According to reliable sources in the Vatican and Jerusalem, it began in historical reality as a mixed clerical and lay confraternity (association) of pilgrims which gradually grew around the most central of the Christian holy places in the Middle East, the Holy Sepulchre or the tomb of Jesus Christ.This would have been a pin for a member of the order , there is a mark on the reverse where the original pin would have been fixed '

     

     

    Medeival gilded strap end 2 - 1634 Charles 1st hammered copper rose farthings
    WWI Essex Regiment cap badge WWI Middlesex Regiment cap badge

    1279 Edward 1st hammered silver farthing

    Obv EDWARDVS *****

    Rev DON - London mint

    1247 Henry III hammered silver voided long cross farthing

    Obv /BER - Moneyer Gilbert of Canterbury mint

    1668 'His halfpenny' hammered copper trade token

    Richard Swinborne of Witham Essex

    1586 Hans Krauwincel II Rose orb Jetton
    Victorian silver dolphin ring

    17thC John Parker , Falcon(Falken) of Wivenhoe Essex hammered copper trade farthing

    P IM - Ref Norweb 1433

    Medieval mount
    Stunning 2ndC Roman enamelled plate brooch
    Scouts badge The Buffs (Royal East Kent Regiment) badge  

    1876-1894

    Honour; if the head of a "blackamoor" or Moor, refers to deeds of prowess in the Crusades

    Livery button

    Firmin & Sons Ld
    153 Strand London

    18thC silver Royal Navy button 17thC button 19thC Royal Thames Yacht Club

    Post medieval cast copper alloy buckle frame

    Circa AD 1600 - 1699

    Georgian silver spur fitting - maker RH
    C10thC Saxon gilded harness ring - gold dot decoration ramins on faces
    Iron Age bronze bead 19thC livery button

    Post medieval cast copper alloy buckle frame

    Circa AD 1600 - 1699

    RN Capt / Commander - 1812
    19thC livery button Interesting large lead figurine - needs research

    Cast copper alloy double-looped sub-annular shoe or knee buckle with bevelled internal edge

    Circa 1650-1720

    16thC Tudor clothing fastener 1817 George III milled silver sixpence

    1154 Henry II hammered silver short cross half penny - Class 1b

    Obv VER+DA - Moneyer Davi of London mint

    1568 Elizabeth 1st hammered silver sixpence

    1247 Henry III hammered silver voided long cross cut halfpenny

    Rev /WIC/

    1279 Edward 1st hammered silver penny

    Obv EDW** ANG****

    Rev CIVI/TAS/DVR/EME - Durham mint

    Medieval chaffing dish handle mount Georgian furniture mount
    Prince Albert Karl Anton Ludwig Wilhelm Viktor of Saxony (25 February 1875 in Dresden – 16 September 1900 in Schönwölkau) was a Saxon prince from the House of Wettin. He was the youngest son of King George and his consort, Maria Anna of Portugal.

    Medieval hammered silver farthing

    Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON - London mint

    1601 Elizabeth 1st hammered silver half penny

    1285/6 Edward 1st hammered silver farthing - new issue inner circle both sides - Type 28

    Rev EDWARDVS REX A

    Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON - London mint

    1344 Edward III hammered silver penny - Florin issue

    Obv + EDWAR R ANGL DNS hYB

    Rev VILL/SCIE/DMV/NDI - Bury St Edmunds mint

    1873 Victoria milled silver sixpence

    1280 Edward 1st hammered silver farthing - Sterling issue - no inner circle on obverse - Type 10

    Obv + ERAN GLIE

    Rev LONDONIENSIS/

    Twisted silver wire ring - sent to museum a spotential treasure as these are hard to date

    Dated by museum as 19thC so not treasure

    WWII Army Service Corp badge Georgian Jews harp

    No clue on this copper coin - researching it

    2 Pice (Double Pice). Year: 1773. Weight: 10.11g [10.28g]. Metal: Copper. Diameter: 21.00 mm. Edge: Plain. Alignment: Rotated. Mint: Bombay. Obverse: Large crown divides G-R at top, "BOMB" written below with date 1773. Reverse: United East India Company Bale mark. Mintage: N/A. Mintage Years: One year type. Note: The letters in the balemark may be arranged in the usual way, or the E and the I may be transposed.

    2 - 1634 Charles 1st hammered copper rose farthings 16th Elizabeth 1st hammered silver penny
    Medieval seal ring - NK
    1584- 6 Elizabeth 1st hammered silver half penny

    1327 Edward III hammered silver penny

    Obv + EDW**** NGL DNS hYB

    Rev CIVI/TAS/CAN/TOR- Canterbury mint

    1279 Edward 1st hammered silver penny

    Obv + EDWA*** GL ***hYB

    Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON- London mint

    Medieval mount

    Mint condition - 50 BC Celtic gold Gallic import qtr stater - sent to PAS for recording

    Crossed lines with rider ABC 37, VA 37

    Classed as scare

    1.94g, 12 mm

    Caletes tribe, Normandy coast

    Post medieval cast copper alloy asymmetrical buckle frame, some with with a pointed knop at the end of the loop

    The buckle dates from c.1575 - 1700

    Georgian casket key Medieval buckle plate
    1569-71 Elizabeth 1st hammered silver shilling (12 pence)- Castle mint mark 1603 James 1st hammered silver sixpence

    1280 Edward 1st hammered silver farthing - Sterling issue - no inner circle on obverse - Type 10

    Obv + ERAN GLIE

    Rev LONDONIENSIS/

    1247 Henry III hammered silver voided long cross farthing

    London mint

    1485- 1509 Henry VII hammered silver penny - D at centre of reverse cross

    Bishop John Sherwood

    Durham mint

     

    1279 Edward 1st hammered silver penny

    Obv + EDWAR ANGL DNS hYB

    Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON- London mint

    1910 Edward VII hammered silver sixpence

    1247 Henry III hammered silver voided long cross farthing

    London mint

    3 - 1634 Charles 1st hammered copper rose farthings 17thC buckle 16thC Tudor button
    Medieval annular brooch 17thC crotal bell

    1247 Henry III hammered silver voided long cross half penny

    London mint

    Obv RIC/ARD - Moneyer Ricard

    1279 Edward 1st hammered silver penny

    Obv **S REX

    Rev /TOR - Canterbury mint

    1461- 1470 Edward IV hammered silver penny - Type X - Cross Fitchee Long
    10604 James 1st hammered silver penny 17thC clothing fastener

    Military badge

    Domine dirige nos

    Lord, direct us —motto of the City of London

    Incorrect mulled Dedham trade farthing

    17thC Nathaniel Backler of Dedham Essex hammered copper trade farthing

    Obv NB

    Rev DT

    16thC Tudor button
    Medieval buckle fragment Medieval buckle fragment Celtic woad grinder pestal
    Medieval hammered silver long cross penny fragment

    1377 Richard II hammered silver penny fragment

    Obv ** ICAR

    Rev /RAC - York mint

    19thC buckles 1922 George V milled silver sixpence
    1573 Elizabeth 1st hammered silver sixpence - Acorn mint mark Stunning condition 1746 George II milled copper half penny
    1892 Victoria milled silver sixpence 1582-3 Elizabeth 1st hammered silver half groat - Bell mint mark

    1247 Henry III hammered silver voided long cross farthing

    Canterbury mint

    Medieval buckle tongue

    Sweet 1989 - 9 carat gold diamond ring - Sheffield hall mark

    Maker A.T. L d

    1.70g, 20mm dia

    Beautiful strike of a 56 BC Gallo Belgic full Celtic gold stater - sent to PAS for recording

    6.26g, 20 mm

    Medieval seal matrix
    1896 Victoria milled silver shilling (12 pence)

    1247 Henry III hammered silver voided long cross farthing

    Obv /NIC/ - Moneyer Nicole

    16thC German states coin I have not seen before and no in my ref books- double headed eagle on Obv ? 1582-4 Elizabeth 1st hammered silver half groat - A mark

    1526-44 Henry VIII hammered silver half penny - narrow hair - I.m. Lis

    Obv hx *****SIE x SPIA

    Rev is mule from farthing DEO - London mint

    0.35g,12mm

    1526-44 Henry VIII hammered silver half penny - narrow hair - I.m. Lis - Type 1L

    Obv hx DxGx ROSA xSIE x SPIA

    Rev CIVI/TAS/xLON/DON - London mint

    0.33g, 11mm

    1582-4 Elizabeth 1st hammered silver half penny - A mark 16thC Elizabeth 1st hammered silver sixpence
    1623- 4 James 1st hammered silver half groat - Lis mint mark

    1422- 61 Henry VI hammered silver half penny - trefoils by neck and leaf on breast- Trefoil -Leaf issue

    Obv **** REX ANGL

    Rev CIVI/TAS/xLON/DON - London mint

    1247 Henry III hammered silver voided long cross farthing

    Medieval hammered silver long cross penny - Quatrefoil with pellet at centre on rev cross - York mint
    Medieval hammered silver long cross qtr penny

    1327-43 Edward III hammered silver penny - Class 15d

    Obv + EDWAR ANGL DNS hYB

    Rev CIVI/TAS/DVNELMI- Durham mint

    Venetian Soldino hammered silver Michele Steno (1400-1413) 1247 Henry III hammered silver voided long cross farthing

    1279 Edward 1st hammered silver penny

    Obv + EDWR ANG**** B

    Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON- London mint

    1625 Charles 1st hammered silver penny
    1666 John Rolfe of Harwich Essex hammered copper trade farthing 1649 Commonwealth hammered silver penny
    1575 Elizabeth 1st hammered silver penny 19thC Kings light dragoon guards button Victorian silver cane band
    2ndC Roman terret ring Victorian religious medallion
    1247 Henry III hammered silver voided long half penny - too fragile to clean

    1279 Edward 1st hammered silver penny

    Obv + EDWAR A*** S hYB

    Rev VILL/SCIE/DMV/NDI Bury St Edmunds mint

    Post medieval copper ring Gilded post medieval mount Medieval lead gaming token

    Silver washed Roman coin sent for ID

    It appears that your diggers have come upon a site with a significant percentage of coins of the "Contemporary Copy" category.  Although this coin is probably official - and unfortunately I can't read the legends - I suspect it's someone from the mid-late 3rd Century - you can see that the quality of the metal is such that it's difficult to tell whether or not it was silvered.

    Since the basic metal appears to be billon, and the coin would have been silvery-looking when struck, I'm going to guess- with some helop from the profile - that this is Trebonianus Gallus, 251-253.  It seems as though the obverse legend is quite crowded and that also tends to point to Treb. Gallus.  Here's a typical antoninianus of Treb Gallus for comparison purposes:

    http://www.stoa.org/gallery/album104/ML_18_Treb_Gallus_Pax_ant

    Even though I am conditionally saying your coin is likely to be Treb. Gallus, I suppose it could be any of the bearded emperors beginning from about Philip (244-249) through the joint reign of Valerian & Gallienus, 253-260.  It is only during the sole reign of Gallienus, 260-268, that the antoninianus became so debased that silvering was resorted to on an official basis.

    This is an antoninianus of Valerian in pretty good silver - although he wasn't bearded, his son Gallienus was:


    http://www.stoa.org/gallery/album105/ML_01_Valerian_Felicitas_ant

    and Gallienus from early in the sole reign, just after the Joint reign:


    http://www.stoa.org/gallery/album107/ML_01_Gallienus_Aeternitas_PXV_ant

    As you can see, these are still fine enough silver to retain a generally silvery appearance - although they're probably not over 25%-30% silver.

    Only after Valerian's capture, during Gallienus' sole reign, did the metal get so bad that the coins needed to be surface-enriched. Although people say "silver washed" it is highly unlikely that any plating process was employed - instead, through acid "pickling" of the flans prior to striking (already a necessary step to remove fire-scale from the casting process) the percentage of silver at the surface was greater than in the core. Silver existed in tiny "beads" on the surface of the flans prior to striking, then spread out under the pressure of the dies, giveing the coins a plated appearance.

    This is a typical "silvered" coin of Gallienus sole reign, 260-268


    http://www.stoa.org/gallery/album107/11_CR_GAZOO.

    Gallienus' legends typically were far shorter than the legend on the obverse of your coin, so we can pretty well rule him out. This is another reason I'm still saying Treb Gallus.

    I've been making this photo-essay because the history of the chaotic mid 3rd century is scanty and clouded with inaccuracies in the existing records.  This complicates the coinage picture, because as the offices of the Imperial administration began to fail - including in the supply of coin - many areas turned to producing their own copies of official coin. These were semi-official contemporary copies, not "counterfeits", because they were not intended to deceive.  They were coinages of necessity. So you see all sorts of more or less official-looking coin from this period which is not, in fact, official.  If a piece is earlier than Gallienus' sole reign and appears silvered, it means it's not an official issue, although it may not be a "counterfeit" per-se, in the sense that an earlier fourée or "subaeratus" was a counterfeit.  And the coinage of the next city along the border might be similar but produced by a different process yielding a different result.  The several coins you send images of today are all from that general era, but only this 1st one - the probable Treb Gallus - is, in my opinion, likely to be an official Imperial product.

    I will continue in the next email to try to explain and put the coins you send today into some sort of context.

    Mark

    Roman bronze sent for ID

    At first I thought this second piece was almost certainly what is generally referred-to, in error, as a "Limes Denarius". The term Limes was borrowed from a class of early 1st century Æ copies from northern Gaul and Britain - the "Limes Falsa" pieces.  These are mostly underweight and fairly crude copies of the Æ coins of the Julio Claudians.  These were struck in areas just outside the official administration - therefore "limes" or the borders. 
    The "Limes" denarii were also a coinage of necessity, but for areas which were in the process of becoming Romanized who wanted to make their own "offical Roman coins".  Often these have been countermarked by Roman officals, sometimes reducing the denomination, making them legal tender. 

    The pieces like the "Limes denarius" (the term, although sort of an oxymoron, has caught-on in the market so there is little use in trying to correct people about it) pictured below were typically cast in Æ, and are typically a product of the Balkans or more Easterly areas - some from the German frontier just over the Rhine, too.  They generally date to the Severan Dynasty era - possibly a little earlier and later in some cases, but the Severans are the typical subjects of these cast pieces.  Some of them were silvered, some were not - and this varied from place to place.  Where they were castings like this copy of a denarius of Julia Domna, below, the molds were usually made by pressing offical coins into clay to create the molds.  This also resulted in these pieces being a little smaller than the prototypes due to the shrinkage of the clay.

    Here is a "Limes" piece of Domna:

    http://www.stoa.org/gallery/Chaos-and-the/04_Julia_Domna_Denarius_Venus

    The more I look at it, the more I believe your piece is not a Limes piece, but an official piece of Salonina, Gallienus' wife, from the sole reign period of debased coinage - like this piece below.  You can see that the bust on both this example and on your coin has a crescent behind the shoulders.  For a female, this sign of the moon was the equivalent of the spiky radiate crown of Sol on a male portrait, proclaiming that the piece was a double-denomination - like a Dupondius (2 Asses) or this, an Antoninianus (2 derarii)


    http://www.stoa.org/gallery/album107/ML_37_Salonina_Juno_Regina_ant

    I think the reverse type on your piece is PVDICITIA AVG - the allegorical personification of the supposed monogamous virtues of the Imperial women - right!

    Mark

     

     

    Silver washed Roman coin sent for ID

    This piece is almost certainly a "Limes" piece, although of better than usual fabric.  The tip-off is that the obverse doesn't match the reverse - these types were never used together officially.  This is fairly common among the cast "Limes" material as two different coins might have been used to impress the obverse and reverse molds.  The odd thing is that the metal seems adequately good that it should not ahe needed to be silvered.  Unless the color is way off in your photo, the worn area on the hair curls, should be more coppery-colored, but is quite silvery.  If this was a very base coin with surface enrichment or silver wash of some sort, the silver should have worn off first exposing the base metal beneath.

    At any rate, this is Septimius Severus, the founder of the Severan dynasty, 193-211.  Often his legends contain some reference to his posthumous declaration of self-adoption by Marcus Aurelius, but the obverse legend here is SEVERVS PIVS AVG - very simple, and dates to the later part of his rule when he was no longer selling the self-proclaimed, reverse-adoption thing quite as hard as he had when he had first assumed the purple and was touchier about his non-aristocratic heritage.  
    The reverse is VICTORIAE AVGG FEL with Victory flying left, holding an extended wreath or garland in both hands over a shield set on a square base.

    These two types were never used together on official issues, so this is some sort of contemporary copy and would fall into the general category of "Limes denarius".  It's a little unusual to see these so far west, but soldiers travelled all over the Empire so it's always possible.  It's odd too that it appears to be of better metal than one would expect for a Limes copy.

    This is an example of a more usual-looking Limes piece for Sept. Severus:


    http://www.stoa.org/gallery/Chaos-and-the/03_Sept_Sev_Denarius_Pax

    Mark

    Medieval shield mount 19thC Colchester Bedwell token

     

     

    Medieval cross bow bolt

    770 mm L

    1stC Celtic cosmetic woad grinder with suspension loop

     

    1634 Charles 1st hammered copper rose farthing

    1216 Henry III hammered silver short cross half penny

    Rev VLF ON L - Moneyer Randvlf of London mint

    4thC Roman bronze sent for ID

    Although I can't exactly be certain about the reverse, it's almost certain that this is Constantius II, 337-361, the youngest son of Constantine I. At the time these pieces were being struck with sequence letters in the obverse field behind the bust, Constantius II is the only person who would have been portrayed wearing a diadem.  All the other folks for whom coins of this sort were struck during this period were portrayed bare-headed.  I'm also going to guess that this is most likely a Fallen Horseman FEL TEMP REPARATIO Majorina.  You don't say how large it is, but those with the sequence letters on the obverse tended to be the larger-sized pieces (which also tended to shrink as time went on) as opposed to those which originally had been intended as Half-Majorinae, but were the size that all the circulating coin would up being by the end of the FEL TEMP era (350-355).\

    I don't have a photogenic example of Constantius II in this type & era to show you, but this is his cousin, Constantius Gallus - you can see he's bare-headed and has a bit of an embarrassing mullet-cut - but it has the sequence letter in the obverse field, etc.


    http://www.stoa.org/gallery/album167/41_Gallus_FTR_ALE

    Mark

    16thC Elizabeth 1st hammered silver half penny

    1279 Edward 1st hammered silver penny

    Obv + EDWAR ANGL DNS hYB

    Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON- London mint

    Monster gold coin weight- 1614 James 1st Rose Ryal coin weight - 30 shillings (360 pence)

    Obv Crown XXXs

    Rev Shield

    1279 Edward 1st hammered silver penny

    Obv + EDWAR ANG*** S hYB

    Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON- London mint

    1485 Henry VII hammered silver groat - Two arches to crown, only outer jeweled - Bust 3 (pupils to eyes, realistic hair)

    Mint mark Rose - trefoil stops - trefoil stops to reverse legend

    Obv + hENRIC DI*GRA* ******

    Rev *CIVI/TAS*/*LON/DON- London mint

    22.5mm, 2.58g

    1696 William III milled silver shilling
    1247 Henry III hammered silver voided long cross farthing 1935 George V milled silver sixpence
    1928 George V milled silver half crown (30 pence) 1582 Elizabeth 1st hammered silver sixpence
     
    18thC Royal artillery button  

    1509 - 26 Henry VIII hammered silver half penny - Cross fourchee - I.m. Voided cross

    Obv hENRIC **

    York mint

    1247 Henry III hammered silver voided long cross farthing 1613-15 James 1st hammered silver half penny - Cinquefoil mint mark
    1247 Henry III hammered silver voided long cross farthing

    1399- 1413 Henry V hammered silver half penny - Type 5 (iii) broken annulets by crown - satire stops on reverse legend

    Obv hEN

    Rev CIVI/TASx/LON/DONx- London mint

    1361 Edward III hammered silver penny - Transitional Treaty Period

    Obv + EDW** ANGL DNS hYB

    Rev CIVI/TAS/DOR/ELME- Durham mint

    1300-1310 Edward 1st hammered silver penny - Class 10ab

    Obv + EDWAR R ANGL DNS hYB

    Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON- London mint

    Medieval hammered silver long cross penny fragment

    London mint

    1280 Edward 1st hammered silver farthing - Sterling issue - no inner circle on obverse - Type 10

    Obv + ERAN GLIE

    Rev LONDONIENSIS/

    1300-1310 Edward 1st hammered silver penny - 10ab

    Obv + EDW**** hYB

    Rev VILL/SCIE/DMV/NDI- Bury St Edmunds mint mint

     

    3 - 1634 Charles 1st hammered copper rose farthings

    1285/6 Edward 1st hammered silver farthing - new issue inner circle both sides - Type 28 Oval flan

    Rev EDWARDVS REX

    Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON - London mint

    1531-44 Henry VIII hammered silver half groat - profile issue

    Archb Lee - EL by shield

    1247 Henry III hammered silver voided long cross farthing 1603 James 1st hammered silver half groat

    17thC George Nicholson, grocers of Thorpe Le Soken Essex hammered copper trade farthing

    Ref Norweb 1401

    Medieval pin
    16thC Tudor button 1635- 6 Charles 1st hammered silver penny

    Bronze Age (c.1500-1400BC) cast copper alloy primary shield pattern palstave, dating to the Acton Park Phase

    137.5 mm L x 53.5mm W

    A palstave is a development of the flat axe, where the shaped sides are cast rather than hammered

    Interesting looking 9 carat art deco style gold ring

    2.21g, 19.5mm

    c10thC Saxon stirrup mount type 12 - non open fretwork type , 43.56mm H

    Ref 302 Williams

    Victorian silver brooch with blue stone 16thC Elizabeth 1st hammered silver half groat

    13th/14thC medieval barrel lock

    1279 Edward 1st hammered silver penny

    Obv + EDWA****

    Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON- London mint

    1327 Edward III hammered silver half penny

    Obv EDWAR*** REX

    Rev CIVI/TAS/***

    1844 Victorian model farthing 1816 George III milled silver sixpence

    Victorian milled silver florin (24 pence)

    1859 Gothic numeral

    mdccclix
    1881 Victoria milled silver 3 pence
    Georgian spur buckle 1500- 1700 mount Georgian gilded watch winder 1901 - 10 Edward VII badge
    1562 Elizabeth 1st hammered silver sixpence 1766 Irish George III milled copper penny
    Society button Georgian shoe buckle 1607 Dutch milled copper coin
    19thC livery button Paris souvenir lighter with blue stone Georgian silver name tag - HR
    1945 Victoria milled silver sixpence 1704 Anne coin weight - Crown A cipher London 16thC Tudor button
    1777 Russian lead bale seal 17thC lead token 15thC lead token - Type 2

    1199 - 1216 John hammered silver short cross half penny - Class 5

    Rev MILES.ON - Moneyer Miles of Oxford or Winchester

    Spitfire toy plane

    Georgian claw and ball pot foot WWII Royal Artillery button 1910 luggage tag ?
    16thC Tudor clothing fastener 16thC Tudor button Georgian spur fitting
    Medieval buckle fragment 15thC lead token - Type 2 18thC Royal Navy button 16thC Tudor clothing fastener

    13thC Medieval heraldic belt mount of De Clare

     

    'Found more on De Clare-- seems there was a Gilbert "The Red" (red haired) de Clare & son of Richard-- was one of the Earls of Gloucstershire (7th , I think) and had a whole bunch of other lands in 20 counties in Eng and Ireland. Joined the Montfort rebellion against the king. Married a jaon (Johanna) daughter of Edward II Longshanks , she was born in Acre - the site in the holy land where the Crusaders / Templar's lost it all . He was born in 1243'.
    2ndC Roman fibular brooch 1816 George III milled silver sixpence

    Medieval knife pommel 1944 George VI milled silver sixpence
    Pewter dollar play money 18thC Royal Artillery button

    1247 Henry III hammered silver voided long cross half penny

    Rev NDE/hEN - Moneyer Henri of London mint

    East Surry Regiment lapel badge

    1247 Henry III hammered silver voided long cross half penny

    Rev OLE/ON - Moneyer Nicole

    1427 1430 Henry VI hammered silver penny - Rosette Mascle issue

    Star by crown, quadrefoil in cemtre of reverse cross

    Durham mint

    Double struck obverse - 1247 Henry III hammered silver voided long cross penny

    1501-1521).
    Venetian Soldino hammered silver coin 0.26g,12.08mm

    Rev: LAVS TIBI SOLI (Thee Alone be Praised). Haloed figure of Christ holding a cross.

    Obv: LE LAV DVX S M V (Leonardo Lauredan, Doge. St Mark of Venice.) Doge kneeling before Saint Mark.

    16thC Tudor button 15th lead token

    1307 -1327 Edward II hammered silver penny - Class 11a - Broken peal ornament to left, rounded backs on C and E

    Obv + EDWAR ANGL DNS hYB

    Rev VILSCIE/DMV/NDI - Bury St Edmunds mint

    1327 Edward III hammered silver half penny

    Obv EDW****

    Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON - London mint

    1953 - 18 carat - London hall mark gold ring - date letter S

    23mm, 4.95g

    1923 George V milled silver half crown (30 pence)

    1247 Henry III hammered silver voided long cross penny

    Obv hENRICVS REX

    Rev E/ION /ONE - Moneyer Ion of Exeter mint

    1461- 70 Edward IV hammered silver penny - Local (Durham) 1564 Elizabeth 1st hammered silver half groat

    Victorian silver 'Forget me not' ring

    1703 French Louis XIIII silver ECU coin

    Obv XIIII D G FR ET NA REX

    Rev DOMINE SALVM FAC REGEM

    1600-1700

    A copper-alloy cast mount. The mount is quatrefoil in shape with a cusp in each angle.

    1500-1700 mount Medieval copper alloy belt mount 1500-1700 mount
    1500-1700 mount Cast copper alloy mount of probable late medieval or post medieval date (1400-1600). The mount is sub-oval in plan and domed in cross section (D-shaped). 16thC Tudor clothing fastener Medieval buckle plate

    1413 - 22 Henry V hammered silver penny mullet and annualet by hair

    Quadrefoil with pellet at centre of reverse cross

    York mint

    1377-1399 Richard II hammered silver half penny

    Obv + RICAR**** ANGL'

    Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON- London mint

    1558- 60 Elizabeth hammered silver groat 20thC hollow gold ear ring
    Victorian silver pin

    Medieval hammered silvber penny

    Quadrefoil with pellet at centre of reverse cross

    York mint

    17thC silver seal matrix - reported to museum as treasure
    850 BC Bronze Age scoketed axe head fragment
    1603 James 1st hammered silver half groat

    1247 Henry III hammered silver voided long cross half penny

    Rev VND/NIC - Moneyer Nicole of London mint

    1573 Elizabeth 1st hammered silver half groat 1816 George III milled silver sixpence
    1600 Elizabeth 1st hammered silver half groat - O mint mark 1604 -5 James 1st hammered silver half groat - Lis mint mark
    1582- 3 Elizabeth 1st hammered silver half groat - Bell mint mark 16thC Elizabeth 1st hammered silver half groat

    1247 Henry III hammered silver voided long cross half penny

    Rev ERT/NDE- Moneyer Robert of London mint

    1471 Edward IV hammered silver penny - double satire stops in reverse legend - D at centre of reverse cross

    Ob EDW ***** LIE

    Obv CIVI/TAS

    1641-3 Charles 1st hammered silver penny - mintmark 2 dots

    'triangle and circle' King had left London and Parliament stuck these coins

    1314-17 Edward 1st hammered silver half penny - Type 13a

    Obv + EDWA ***A

    Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON- London mint

    1793 Suffolk Sudbury Halfpenny Condor

    OBVERSE: Shield of Arms of Sudbury; dog, lion. MAY THE TRADE OF SUDBURY FLOURISH. REVERSE: PRO BONO PUBLICO 1793. EDGE: PAYABLE AT GOLDSMITH & SONS SUDBURY .XXX.

    4thC Roman bronze sent for ID

    On this one you sort of lucked-out.  You avoided the corollary of "Murphy's Law of Ancient Coins" which says that if part of the legend or device is missing, it will be the part which would be most useful for determining who it is.  In this case, we see AVG quite clearly on the obverse.  Since the reverse, similarly, gives me just enough to see that the device is an altar with a vota inscription topped by a globe (above that, but not visible on this specimen, are 3 stars for Constantine and his two sons, Constantine Junior and Crispus). The legend was always some version or abbreviation of BEATA TRANQVILLITAS - "Blessed Peace" - and these were struck during the middle of the reign of Constantine I.  Since the legend ends in AVG and not NOB C, etc, it must be Constantine I himself.  Although Constantine was not the only Augustus at the time, his nemesis, Licinius, did not strike the Beata types - this was in the early 320's when Constantine and Licinius were openly at war with one another.

    This is an example of a more complete specimen in the name of Constantine's unfortunate son Crispus, Caesar:

    http://www.stoa.org/gallery/album164/33_Crispus_BET_TRE

    I don't seem to have a photo handy of a Constantine I Beata.

    Mark

    Huge Roman with different obverse sent for ID

    This is clearly a Sestertius of Marcus Aurelius, 161-180 AD., datable to 171 AD. The reverse proclaims the celebration of his first Decennalia.  As Pontifex Maximus of the state religion, it was incumbent upon the emperor to make certain vows, pledging to complete offerings which would be made in celebration of completing so many years (usually 5 or 10 for the first celebration) and undertaking vows, pledging to complete further offerings and ceremonies in hope and anticipation of the next span of years (again, usually 5 or 10).  I'm quite familiar with this coin - here is an example of the same type from my collection:


    http://www.stoa.org/gallery/album94/ML09_M_Aurel_Vota_sest

    Later in the Imperial era, so-called "vota" coins would become increasingly common. 
    Typically the reverse type would consist of a legend within a wreath - sometimes with a legend around the outside, too -
    like: VOT / X / MVLT / XX in 4 lines

    Mark

    2ndC Roman bronze sent for ID

    This one is tough - given the big flake laminated off the obverse, right over the face of the portrait, all I can do is hazard a guess.  This might be Antoninus Pius, 138-161 AD.  I can't make out any useful details on the reverse, so I am limited to making a guess based on what I think the outline of the portrait might have been.  The beard (if it is bearded, I think so) is short - this was typical for Antoninus Pius.  It was his adopted son and successor, Marcus Aurelius, who popularized "The Philosopher's Beard" - long and seemingly unkempt.  His portrait starts off as Caesar under A. Pius with very curly hair and a very short beard - as his portrait develops and ages over the 40+ years he was first Caesar, then Emperor, his hair becomes noticeably sparse and his beard gets longer and wilder-looking - it is also possible that this is an earlier portrait of M. Aurelius, although the hair doesn't seem curly enough.

    Mark

    2ndC Roman fibular brooch

    2ndC Roman bronze sent for ID

    Not a lot I can say about this one.  I believe the portrait is Hadrian, 117-138 AD.  I can't make out any useful detail on the reverse.

         
       

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