1279 Edward 1st hammered silver penny

Obv EDWAR ANGL DNS hYB

Rev CIVI/TAS/DVR/EME - Durham mint

Cast copper alloy buckle frame 1500 -1700

Medieval badges Ref Mitchiner p244 939 - 941

'A badge for a Knight of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre in bronze and dating somewhere around C13/14th possibly very slightly later . This is a very scarce item and it relates to The Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem being a Catholic chivalric order of Knighthood that traces its roots to Godfrey of Bouillon, principal leader of the First Crusade. According to reliable sources in the Vatican and Jerusalem, it began in historical reality as a mixed clerical and lay confraternity (association) of pilgrims which gradually grew around the most central of the Christian holy places in the Middle East, the Holy Sepulchre or the tomb of Jesus Christ.This would have been a pin for a member of the order , there is a mark on the reverse where the original pin would have been fixed '

1279 Edward 1st hammered silver farthing

Obv EDWARDVS *****

Rev DON - London mint

1247 Henry III hammered silver voided long cross farthing

Obv /BER - Moneyer Gilbert of Canterbury mint

1668 'His halfpenny' hammered copper trade token

Richard Swinborne of Witham Essex

17thC John Parker , Falcon(Falken) of Wivenhoe Essex hammered copper trade farthing

P IM - Ref Norweb 1433

1876-1894

Honour; if the head of a "blackamoor" or Moor, refers to deeds of prowess in the Crusades

Livery button

Firmin & Sons Ld
153 Strand London

Post medieval cast copper alloy buckle frame

Circa AD 1600 - 1699

Post medieval cast copper alloy buckle frame

Circa AD 1600 - 1699

Cast copper alloy double-looped sub-annular shoe or knee buckle with bevelled internal edge

Circa 1650-1720

1154 Henry II hammered silver short cross half penny - Class 1b

Obv VER+DA - Moneyer Davi of London mint

1247 Henry III hammered silver voided long cross cut halfpenny

Rev /WIC/

1279 Edward 1st hammered silver penny

Obv EDW** ANG****

Rev CIVI/TAS/DVR/EME - Durham mint

Medieval hammered silver farthing

Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON - London mint

1285/6 Edward 1st hammered silver farthing - new issue inner circle both sides - Type 28

Rev EDWARDVS REX A

Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON - London mint

1344 Edward III hammered silver penny - Florin issue

Obv + EDWAR R ANGL DNS hYB

Rev VILL/SCIE/DMV/NDI - Bury St Edmunds mint

1280 Edward 1st hammered silver farthing - Sterling issue - no inner circle on obverse - Type 10

Obv + ERAN GLIE

Rev LONDONIENSIS/

Twisted silver wire ring - sent to museum a spotential treasure as these are hard to date

Dated by museum as 19thC so not treasure

No clue on this copper coin - researching it

2 Pice (Double Pice). Year: 1773. Weight: 10.11g [10.28g]. Metal: Copper. Diameter: 21.00 mm. Edge: Plain. Alignment: Rotated. Mint: Bombay. Obverse: Large crown divides G-R at top, "BOMB" written below with date 1773. Reverse: United East India Company Bale mark. Mintage: N/A. Mintage Years: One year type. Note: The letters in the balemark may be arranged in the usual way, or the E and the I may be transposed.

1327 Edward III hammered silver penny

Obv + EDW**** NGL DNS hYB

Rev CIVI/TAS/CAN/TOR- Canterbury mint

1279 Edward 1st hammered silver penny

Obv + EDWA*** GL ***hYB

Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON- London mint

Mint condition - 50 BC Celtic gold Gallic import qtr stater - sent to PAS for recording

Crossed lines with rider ABC 37, VA 37

Classed as scare

1.94g, 12 mm

Caletes tribe, Normandy coast

Post medieval cast copper alloy asymmetrical buckle frame, some with with a pointed knop at the end of the loop

The buckle dates from c.1575 - 1700

1280 Edward 1st hammered silver farthing - Sterling issue - no inner circle on obverse - Type 10

Obv + ERAN GLIE

Rev LONDONIENSIS/

1247 Henry III hammered silver voided long cross farthing

London mint

1485- 1509 Henry VII hammered silver penny - D at centre of reverse cross

Bishop John Sherwood

Durham mint

1279 Edward 1st hammered silver penny

Obv + EDWAR ANGL DNS hYB

Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON- London mint

1247 Henry III hammered silver voided long cross farthing

London mint

1247 Henry III hammered silver voided long cross half penny

London mint

Obv RIC/ARD - Moneyer Ricard

1279 Edward 1st hammered silver penny

Obv **S REX

Rev /TOR - Canterbury mint

Military badge

Domine dirige nos

Lord, direct us —motto of the City of London

Incorrect mulled Dedham trade farthing

17thC Nathaniel Backler of Dedham Essex hammered copper trade farthing

Obv NB

Rev DT

1377 Richard II hammered silver penny fragment

Obv ** ICAR

Rev /RAC - York mint

1247 Henry III hammered silver voided long cross farthing

Canterbury mint

Sweet 1989 - 9 carat gold diamond ring - Sheffield hall mark

Maker A.T. L d

1.70g, 20mm dia

Beautiful strike of a 56 BC Gallo Belgic full Celtic gold stater - sent to PAS for recording

6.26g, 20 mm

1247 Henry III hammered silver voided long cross farthing

Obv /NIC/ - Moneyer Nicole

1526-44 Henry VIII hammered silver half penny - narrow hair - I.m. Lis

Obv hx *****SIE x SPIA

Rev is mule from farthing DEO - London mint

0.35g,12mm

1526-44 Henry VIII hammered silver half penny - narrow hair - I.m. Lis - Type 1L

Obv hx DxGx ROSA xSIE x SPIA

Rev CIVI/TAS/xLON/DON - London mint

0.33g, 11mm

1422- 61 Henry VI hammered silver half penny - trefoils by neck and leaf on breast- Trefoil -Leaf issue

Obv **** REX ANGL

Rev CIVI/TAS/xLON/DON - London mint

1247 Henry III hammered silver voided long cross farthing

1327-43 Edward III hammered silver penny - Class 15d

Obv + EDWAR ANGL DNS hYB

Rev CIVI/TAS/DVNELMI- Durham mint

1279 Edward 1st hammered silver penny

Obv + EDWR ANG**** B

Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON- London mint

1279 Edward 1st hammered silver penny

Obv + EDWAR A*** S hYB

Rev VILL/SCIE/DMV/NDI Bury St Edmunds mint

Silver washed Roman coin sent for ID

It appears that your diggers have come upon a site with a significant percentage of coins of the "Contemporary Copy" category.  Although this coin is probably official - and unfortunately I can't read the legends - I suspect it's someone from the mid-late 3rd Century - you can see that the quality of the metal is such that it's difficult to tell whether or not it was silvered.

Since the basic metal appears to be billon, and the coin would have been silvery-looking when struck, I'm going to guess- with some helop from the profile - that this is Trebonianus Gallus, 251-253.  It seems as though the obverse legend is quite crowded and that also tends to point to Treb. Gallus.  Here's a typical antoninianus of Treb Gallus for comparison purposes:

http://www.stoa.org/gallery/album104/ML_18_Treb_Gallus_Pax_ant

Even though I am conditionally saying your coin is likely to be Treb. Gallus, I suppose it could be any of the bearded emperors beginning from about Philip (244-249) through the joint reign of Valerian & Gallienus, 253-260.  It is only during the sole reign of Gallienus, 260-268, that the antoninianus became so debased that silvering was resorted to on an official basis.

This is an antoninianus of Valerian in pretty good silver - although he wasn't bearded, his son Gallienus was:

http://www.stoa.org/gallery/album105/ML_01_Valerian_Felicitas_ant

and Gallienus from early in the sole reign, just after the Joint reign:

http://www.stoa.org/gallery/album107/ML_01_Gallienus_Aeternitas_PXV_ant

As you can see, these are still fine enough silver to retain a generally silvery appearance - although they're probably not over 25%-30% silver.

Only after Valerian's capture, during Gallienus' sole reign, did the metal get so bad that the coins needed to be surface-enriched. Although people say "silver washed" it is highly unlikely that any plating process was employed - instead, through acid "pickling" of the flans prior to striking (already a necessary step to remove fire-scale from the casting process) the percentage of silver at the surface was greater than in the core. Silver existed in tiny "beads" on the surface of the flans prior to striking, then spread out under the pressure of the dies, giveing the coins a plated appearance.

This is a typical "silvered" coin of Gallienus sole reign, 260-268

http://www.stoa.org/gallery/album107/11_CR_GAZOO.

Gallienus' legends typically were far shorter than the legend on the obverse of your coin, so we can pretty well rule him out. This is another reason I'm still saying Treb Gallus.

I've been making this photo-essay because the history of the chaotic mid 3rd century is scanty and clouded with inaccuracies in the existing records.  This complicates the coinage picture, because as the offices of the Imperial administration began to fail - including in the supply of coin - many areas turned to producing their own copies of official coin. These were semi-official contemporary copies, not "counterfeits", because they were not intended to deceive.  They were coinages of necessity. So you see all sorts of more or less official-looking coin from this period which is not, in fact, official.  If a piece is earlier than Gallienus' sole reign and appears silvered, it means it's not an official issue, although it may not be a "counterfeit" per-se, in the sense that an earlier fourée or "subaeratus" was a counterfeit.  And the coinage of the next city along the border might be similar but produced by a different process yielding a different result.  The several coins you send images of today are all from that general era, but only this 1st one - the probable Treb Gallus - is, in my opinion, likely to be an official Imperial product.

I will continue in the next email to try to explain and put the coins you send today into some sort of context.

Mark

Roman bronze sent for ID

At first I thought this second piece was almost certainly what is generally referred-to, in error, as a "Limes Denarius". The term Limes was borrowed from a class of early 1st century Æ copies from northern Gaul and Britain - the "Limes Falsa" pieces.  These are mostly underweight and fairly crude copies of the Æ coins of the Julio Claudians.  These were struck in areas just outside the official administration - therefore "limes" or the borders. 
The "Limes" denarii were also a coinage of necessity, but for areas which were in the process of becoming Romanized who wanted to make their own "offical Roman coins".  Often these have been countermarked by Roman officals, sometimes reducing the denomination, making them legal tender. 

The pieces like the "Limes denarius" (the term, although sort of an oxymoron, has caught-on in the market so there is little use in trying to correct people about it) pictured below were typically cast in Æ, and are typically a product of the Balkans or more Easterly areas - some from the German frontier just over the Rhine, too.  They generally date to the Severan Dynasty era - possibly a little earlier and later in some cases, but the Severans are the typical subjects of these cast pieces.  Some of them were silvered, some were not - and this varied from place to place.  Where they were castings like this copy of a denarius of Julia Domna, below, the molds were usually made by pressing offical coins into clay to create the molds.  This also resulted in these pieces being a little smaller than the prototypes due to the shrinkage of the clay.

Here is a "Limes" piece of Domna:

http://www.stoa.org/gallery/Chaos-and-the/04_Julia_Domna_Denarius_Venus

The more I look at it, the more I believe your piece is not a Limes piece, but an official piece of Salonina, Gallienus' wife, from the sole reign period of debased coinage - like this piece below.  You can see that the bust on both this example and on your coin has a crescent behind the shoulders.  For a female, this sign of the moon was the equivalent of the spiky radiate crown of Sol on a male portrait, proclaiming that the piece was a double-denomination - like a Dupondius (2 Asses) or this, an Antoninianus (2 derarii)

http://www.stoa.org/gallery/album107/ML_37_Salonina_Juno_Regina_ant

I think the reverse type on your piece is PVDICITIA AVG - the allegorical personification of the supposed monogamous virtues of the Imperial women - right!

Mark

Silver washed Roman coin sent for ID

This piece is almost certainly a "Limes" piece, although of better than usual fabric.  The tip-off is that the obverse doesn't match the reverse - these types were never used together officially.  This is fairly common among the cast "Limes" material as two different coins might have been used to impress the obverse and reverse molds.  The odd thing is that the metal seems adequately good that it should not ahe needed to be silvered.  Unless the color is way off in your photo, the worn area on the hair curls, should be more coppery-colored, but is quite silvery.  If this was a very base coin with surface enrichment or silver wash of some sort, the silver should have worn off first exposing the base metal beneath.

At any rate, this is Septimius Severus, the founder of the Severan dynasty, 193-211.  Often his legends contain some reference to his posthumous declaration of self-adoption by Marcus Aurelius, but the obverse legend here is SEVERVS PIVS AVG - very simple, and dates to the later part of his rule when he was no longer selling the self-proclaimed, reverse-adoption thing quite as hard as he had when he had first assumed the purple and was touchier about his non-aristocratic heritage.  
The reverse is VICTORIAE AVGG FEL with Victory flying left, holding an extended wreath or garland in both hands over a shield set on a square base.

These two types were never used together on official issues, so this is some sort of contemporary copy and would fall into the general category of "Limes denarius".  It's a little unusual to see these so far west, but soldiers travelled all over the Empire so it's always possible.  It's odd too that it appears to be of better metal than one would expect for a Limes copy.

This is an example of a more usual-looking Limes piece for Sept. Severus:

http://www.stoa.org/gallery/Chaos-and-the/03_Sept_Sev_Denarius_Pax

Mark

Medieval cross bow bolt

770 mm L

1216 Henry III hammered silver short cross half penny

Rev VLF ON L - Moneyer Randvlf of London mint

4thC Roman bronze sent for ID

Although I can't exactly be certain about the reverse, it's almost certain that this is Constantius II, 337-361, the youngest son of Constantine I. At the time these pieces were being struck with sequence letters in the obverse field behind the bust, Constantius II is the only person who would have been portrayed wearing a diadem.  All the other folks for whom coins of this sort were struck during this period were portrayed bare-headed.  I'm also going to guess that this is most likely a Fallen Horseman FEL TEMP REPARATIO Majorina.  You don't say how large it is, but those with the sequence letters on the obverse tended to be the larger-sized pieces (which also tended to shrink as time went on) as opposed to those which originally had been intended as Half-Majorinae, but were the size that all the circulating coin would up being by the end of the FEL TEMP era (350-355).\

I don't have a photogenic example of Constantius II in this type & era to show you, but this is his cousin, Constantius Gallus - you can see he's bare-headed and has a bit of an embarrassing mullet-cut - but it has the sequence letter in the obverse field, etc.

http://www.stoa.org/gallery/album167/41_Gallus_FTR_ALE

Mark

1279 Edward 1st hammered silver penny

Obv + EDWAR ANGL DNS hYB

Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON- London mint

Monster gold coin weight- 1614 James 1st Rose Ryal coin weight - 30 shillings (360 pence)

Obv Crown XXXs

Rev Shield

1279 Edward 1st hammered silver penny

Obv + EDWAR ANG*** S hYB

Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON- London mint

1485 Henry VII hammered silver groat - Two arches to crown, only outer jeweled - Bust 3 (pupils to eyes, realistic hair)

Mint mark Rose - trefoil stops - trefoil stops to reverse legend

Obv + hENRIC DI*GRA* ******

Rev *CIVI/TAS*/*LON/DON- London mint

22.5mm, 2.58g

1509 - 26 Henry VIII hammered silver half penny - Cross fourchee - I.m. Voided cross

Obv hENRIC **

York mint

1399- 1413 Henry V hammered silver half penny - Type 5 (iii) broken annulets by crown - satire stops on reverse legend

Obv hEN

Rev CIVI/TASx/LON/DONx- London mint

1361 Edward III hammered silver penny - Transitional Treaty Period

Obv + EDW** ANGL DNS hYB

Rev CIVI/TAS/DOR/ELME- Durham mint

1300-1310 Edward 1st hammered silver penny - Class 10ab

Obv + EDWAR R ANGL DNS hYB

Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON- London mint

Medieval hammered silver long cross penny fragment

London mint

1280 Edward 1st hammered silver farthing - Sterling issue - no inner circle on obverse - Type 10

Obv + ERAN GLIE

Rev LONDONIENSIS/

1300-1310 Edward 1st hammered silver penny - 10ab

Obv + EDW**** hYB

Rev VILL/SCIE/DMV/NDI- Bury St Edmunds mint mint

1285/6 Edward 1st hammered silver farthing - new issue inner circle both sides - Type 28 Oval flan

Rev EDWARDVS REX

Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON - London mint

1531-44 Henry VIII hammered silver half groat - profile issue

Archb Lee - EL by shield

17thC George Nicholson, grocers of Thorpe Le Soken Essex hammered copper trade farthing

Ref Norweb 1401

Bronze Age (c.1500-1400BC) cast copper alloy primary shield pattern palstave, dating to the Acton Park Phase

137.5 mm L x 53.5mm W

A palstave is a development of the flat axe, where the shaped sides are cast rather than hammered

Interesting looking 9 carat art deco style gold ring

2.21g, 19.5mm

c10thC Saxon stirrup mount type 12 - non open fretwork type , 43.56mm H

Ref 302 Williams

1279 Edward 1st hammered silver penny

Obv + EDWA****

Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON- London mint

1327 Edward III hammered silver half penny

Obv EDWAR*** REX

Rev CIVI/TAS/***

Victorian milled silver florin (24 pence)

1859 Gothic numeral

1199 - 1216 John hammered silver short cross half penny - Class 5

Rev MILES.ON - Moneyer Miles of Oxford or Winchester

13thC Medieval heraldic belt mount of De Clare

1247 Henry III hammered silver voided long cross half penny

Rev NDE/hEN - Moneyer Henri of London mint

1247 Henry III hammered silver voided long cross half penny

Rev OLE/ON - Moneyer Nicole

1427 1430 Henry VI hammered silver penny - Rosette Mascle issue

Star by crown, quadrefoil in cemtre of reverse cross

Durham mint

1501-1521).
Venetian Soldino hammered silver coin 0.26g,12.08mm

Rev: LAVS TIBI SOLI (Thee Alone be Praised). Haloed figure of Christ holding a cross.

Obv: LE LAV DVX S M V (Leonardo Lauredan, Doge. St Mark of Venice.) Doge kneeling before Saint Mark.

1307 -1327 Edward II hammered silver penny - Class 11a - Broken peal ornament to left, rounded backs on C and E

Obv + EDWAR ANGL DNS hYB

Rev VILSCIE/DMV/NDI - Bury St Edmunds mint

1327 Edward III hammered silver half penny

Obv EDW****

Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON - London mint

1953 - 18 carat - London hall mark gold ring - date letter S

23mm, 4.95g

1247 Henry III hammered silver voided long cross penny

Obv hENRICVS REX

Rev E/ION /ONE - Moneyer Ion of Exeter mint

1703 French Louis XIIII silver ECU coin

Obv XIIII D G FR ET NA REX

Rev DOMINE SALVM FAC REGEM

1600-1700

A copper-alloy cast mount. The mount is quatrefoil in shape with a cusp in each angle.

1413 - 22 Henry V hammered silver penny mullet and annualet by hair

Quadrefoil with pellet at centre of reverse cross

York mint

1377-1399 Richard II hammered silver half penny

Obv + RICAR**** ANGL'

Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON- London mint

Medieval hammered silvber penny

Quadrefoil with pellet at centre of reverse cross

York mint

1247 Henry III hammered silver voided long cross half penny

Rev VND/NIC - Moneyer Nicole of London mint

1247 Henry III hammered silver voided long cross half penny

Rev ERT/NDE- Moneyer Robert of London mint

1471 Edward IV hammered silver penny - double satire stops in reverse legend - D at centre of reverse cross

Ob EDW ***** LIE

Obv CIVI/TAS

1641-3 Charles 1st hammered silver penny - mintmark 2 dots

'triangle and circle' King had left London and Parliament stuck these coins

1314-17 Edward 1st hammered silver half penny - Type 13a

Obv + EDWA ***A

Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON- London mint

1793 Suffolk Sudbury Halfpenny Condor

OBVERSE: Shield of Arms of Sudbury; dog, lion. MAY THE TRADE OF SUDBURY FLOURISH. REVERSE: PRO BONO PUBLICO 1793. EDGE: PAYABLE AT GOLDSMITH & SONS SUDBURY .XXX.

4thC Roman bronze sent for ID

On this one you sort of lucked-out.  You avoided the corollary of "Murphy's Law of Ancient Coins" which says that if part of the legend or device is missing, it will be the part which would be most useful for determining who it is.  In this case, we see AVG quite clearly on the obverse.  Since the reverse, similarly, gives me just enough to see that the device is an altar with a vota inscription topped by a globe (above that, but not visible on this specimen, are 3 stars for Constantine and his two sons, Constantine Junior and Crispus). The legend was always some version or abbreviation of BEATA TRANQVILLITAS - "Blessed Peace" - and these were struck during the middle of the reign of Constantine I.  Since the legend ends in AVG and not NOB C, etc, it must be Constantine I himself.  Although Constantine was not the only Augustus at the time, his nemesis, Licinius, did not strike the Beata types - this was in the early 320's when Constantine and Licinius were openly at war with one another.

This is an example of a more complete specimen in the name of Constantine's unfortunate son Crispus, Caesar:

http://www.stoa.org/gallery/album164/33_Crispus_BET_TRE

I don't seem to have a photo handy of a Constantine I Beata.

Mark

Huge Roman with different obverse sent for ID

This is clearly a Sestertius of Marcus Aurelius, 161-180 AD., datable to 171 AD. The reverse proclaims the celebration of his first Decennalia.  As Pontifex Maximus of the state religion, it was incumbent upon the emperor to make certain vows, pledging to complete offerings which would be made in celebration of completing so many years (usually 5 or 10 for the first celebration) and undertaking vows, pledging to complete further offerings and ceremonies in hope and anticipation of the next span of years (again, usually 5 or 10).  I'm quite familiar with this coin - here is an example of the same type from my collection:

http://www.stoa.org/gallery/album94/ML09_M_Aurel_Vota_sest

Later in the Imperial era, so-called "vota" coins would become increasingly common. 
Typically the reverse type would consist of a legend within a wreath - sometimes with a legend around the outside, too -
like: VOT / X / MVLT / XX in 4 lines

Mark

2ndC Roman bronze sent for ID

This one is tough - given the big flake laminated off the obverse, right over the face of the portrait, all I can do is hazard a guess.  This might be Antoninus Pius, 138-161 AD.  I can't make out any useful details on the reverse, so I am limited to making a guess based on what I think the outline of the portrait might have been.  The beard (if it is bearded, I think so) is short - this was typical for Antoninus Pius.  It was his adopted son and successor, Marcus Aurelius, who popularized "The Philosopher's Beard" - long and seemingly unkempt.  His portrait starts off as Caesar under A. Pius with very curly hair and a very short beard - as his portrait develops and ages over the 40+ years he was first Caesar, then Emperor, his hair becomes noticeably sparse and his beard gets longer and wilder-looking - it is also possible that this is an earlier portrait of M. Aurelius, although the hair doesn't seem curly enough.

Mark

2ndC Roman bronze sent for ID

Not a lot I can say about this one.  I believe the portrait is Hadrian, 117-138 AD.  I can't make out any useful detail on the reverse.

New 2014 Oct finds page 2

2014 Sept finds 2

2014 Sept finds