RichardII

Richard II 1377-1399
Richard succeeded to the throne in June 1377. He had not yet come of age and England was ruled mainly by his uncle, John of Gaunt. Gaunt's misrule caused economic crises brought on by the Black Death and war with France. The resulting Peasants' Revolt of 1381 was the first crisis of Richard's reign. He handled it well, placating the rebels with false promises. His request for money to fight France prompted Parliament to demand the dismissal of his favourites. Richard's refusal provoked Parliament into impeaching his chancellor, the Earl of Suffolk, and creating a commission to oversee the king's activities. When Richard declared these measures treasonable, Parliament and his opponents retaliated in 1388 by outlawing his closest friends, some of whom were executed. Richard appeared defeated: he submitted to the demands of the five 'Lords Appellant'. But in May 1389 he defied them, announcing his intention to rule independently. Gaunt's return from Spain in late 1389 stabilized matters. For eight years Richard worked in apparent harmony with Gaunt and the Lords Appellant. Yet he was waiting for revenge. He gradually formed a second, stronger royalist party. In 1397 he arrested and tried three of the Appellants. Arundel was convicted of treason and executed, Warwick was banished and Gloucester imprisoned and murdered. Richard was granted revenues for life and the powers of Parliament were delegated to a committee. He also built up a power base in Cheshire. In September 1398 a quarrel between two former Appellants, Gaunt's son Henry Bolingbroke and Thomas Mowbray, Duke of Norfolk, gave the king an opportunity to banish them both. When Gaunt died in February 1399, Richard confiscated the vast Lancastrian estates, which would have passed to Bolingbroke. In May he foolishly left for Ireland. Bolingbroke invaded England and rallied both the noble and popular support. Returning to England in August, Richard surrendered without a fight. In September he abdicated and Bolingbroke ascended the throne as King Henry IV. In October Richard was imprisoned in Pontefract Castle and died four months later.

Richard II 1377 AD Longcross silver penny	Richard II 1377 hammered silver half groat

First of this King's groats ever found here- rare find - he was known as the Black Prince 1377 AD Richard II hammered silver groat ( 4 pence) Type 1 (Straight sided) Ob RICHARD DEI* GRA*REX ANGL Z FRANC DNS HIB Z AQT Rev Outer POSVI DEVM ADIVTORUM MEVM Inner CIVITAS LONDON - London mint

1377-99 Richard II hammered silver penny Type 1 - 17.89mm, 0.84g Obv RICARDUS REX ANGLIE - mint legend worn	1377 -1399 Richard II hammered silver halfpenny - Type 1j obv RICHARD:REX:ANGL Rev CIVITAS LON/DON - London mint 0.46g, 13.90mm

1377 -1399 Richard II hammered silver halfpenny Type 5 Small face, wide crown Obv +RICARDxREX:ANGL Rev CIVI/TAS/LONDON - London mint 0.46g, 13.67mm	1377 -1399 Richard II hammerd silver penny Class 1 III Obv *S REX: (RICHARD VS REX: ANGLIE) Rev CIVI/TAS/DVN/* Durham nint

1377-1399 Richard II hammered silver half penny	1377-1399 Richard II hammered silver half penny

1377-1399 Richard II hammered silver half penny Obv RICHARDxREX:ANGx Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON - London mint 0.48g, 13.62mm	Rare 1377- 1399 Richard II hammered silver groat - London - New bust wide hair Type 3 - curved serifs

1377 Richard II hammered silver penny - Quatrefoil at centre of reverse cross - York mint	1377 Richard II hammered silver half penny- Type 3 OBV +RICARDxREXx:ANGL Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON - London mint

1377 Richard II hammered silver penny Obv RICARDVS REX ANGLIE Rev CIVI/TAS/EBO/RACI - York mint	1377-1399 Richard II hammered silver half penny - type b(i) Obv +RICHARD REX ANGL Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON - London mint

1377-99 Richard II hammered silver half penny - Type 2 Obv +RICHARD x REX ANGLI Rev CIVI/TAS/LOND/DON - London mint	1377 - 99 Richard II hammered silver half penny - Type 1n Obv +RICARD.REX.ANG Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON London mint 13.9mm,0.55g

1377 Richard II hammered silver half penny Obv RICARDVS ****** Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON - London mint 0.55g, 12.5mm	1377-1399 Richard II hammered silver half penny Obv + RICARD REX x ANGL' Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON- London mint

1377-1399 Richard II hammered silver half penny Obv + RICARD REX x ANGL Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON- London mint	1377-1399 Richard II hammered silver half penny - Type 1B (iii) Annulat on breast- Barred A is reverse die of Edward III Obv + RICARD x REX x' ANGL Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON- London mint

1377-1399 Richard II hammered silver half penny - type 1e Obv +RICHARD x REX x ANGL' Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON- London mint	1377 - 99 Richard II hammered silver half penny Obv +RICAR* .REX.ANGL Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON London mint

1377- 1399 Richard II hammered silver penny - quatrefoil with pellet at centre of reverse cross Obv +RICARDVS.REX *** Rev CIVI/TAS/EBO/RACI - York mint	1377 - 99 Richard II hammered silver half penny Obv +RICARD REX ANGL' Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON London mint

1422-61 Henry VI hammered silver half penny - Cross fleury - Pinecone - mascle issue Reverse has pine cone after SIE Obv +hENRIC REX ANGLE Rev VIL/** CALI/SIE - Calais mint	1377-1399 Richard II hammered silver half penny Obv + RICARD REX ANGLI Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON- London mint

1377-1399 Richard II hammered silver half penny Obv + RICAR**** ANGL' Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON- London mint	1377-99 Richard II hammered silver half penny Obv +R ***********GLIE Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON - London mint

1377-1399 Richard II hammered silver half penny Obv + RICARD REX x ANGL' Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON- London mint	1377-1399 Richard II hammered silver half penny Obv + RICARDx REX x ANGL Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON- London mint

1377-99 Richard II hammered silver penny - quatrefoil in centre of reverse cross - satire stops Obv ARDVS.REX. * Rev xCIVI/TAS/*/ACI - York mint	1377-1399 Richard II hammered silver half penny Obv + RICARDVS REX ' ANGL Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON- London mint 0.48g,14mm

1377-1399 Richard II hammered silver half penny Obv + RICARD . REX ' ANGL' Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON- London mint 0.58g,14.2mm	1377 -1399 Richard II hammerd silver half penny Obv R (RICHARD VS REX: ANGLIE) Rev S/DVN/*** Durham nint

1377-1399 Richard II hammered silver half penny - type 1e Obv +RICHARD x REX x ANGL' Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON- London mint	1377-1399 Richard II hammered silver half penny Obv D*REX ANGL + Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON - London mint

1377-1399 Richard II hammered silver half penny Obv + RICARD x REX x ANGL Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON- London mint	1377-99 Richard II hammered silver penny - Quatrefoil with pellet in reverse cross Obv RIC*** LIE Rev CIVI/TAS/EBO/RACI - York mint

1377- 1399 Richard II hammered silver half penny penny Obv +RICARDVS.REX *** Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON London mint	1377 Richard II hammered silver half penny - Type 5a Small face wide crown with outer fleurs curved and wide Obv + RICARD x REX x ANGL'x Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON - London mint

1377 - 99 Richard II hammered silver half penny Obv + RICARDVS REX x ANGL Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON London mint	1377-1399 Richard II hammered silver half penny Obv +RICHARD REX ANGL' Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON - London mint

1377-1399 Richard II hammered silver groat Obv CARD DEI GRA ** Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON - London mint	1377 Richard II hammered silver half penny OBV +RIC*** Xx:ANGL Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON - London mint

1377-1399 Richard II hammered silver half penny Obv + RICARD x REX x ANGL Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON- London mint	1377-1399 Richard II hammered silver half penny Obv + RICARD REX x ANGL' Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON- London mint

1377 Richard II hammered silver half penny Obv **ANGL Rev /DON - London mint	1377-99 Richard II hammered silver long cross half penny Obv ARD x REX x * Rev TAS/LON/DON - London mint

1377-1399 Richard II hammered silver half penny Obv + RICARD. REX ANGL' Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON- London mint	1377 Richard II hammered silver half penny-

1377 - 99 Richard II hammered silver half penny - Type 1n Obv +RICARD.REX.ANGL Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON London mint	1377 Richard II hammered silver half penny OBV +RICARDxREXx:ANGL** Rev CIVI/TAS/LON/DON - London mint

1377-1399 Richard II milled silver half penny Obv RICAR*** Rev /TAS/LON - London mint

Richard II 1377-1399